What is the primary energy source that drives the massive expansion of the outer layers into the Red Giant phase?

Answer

The intense energy generated by hydrogen shell burning

As the core contracts, it heats the surrounding layer of fresh hydrogen enough to ignite fusion there. This shell burning produces energy that is often more powerful than the star's previous central fusion rate, forcing the outer layers outward.

What is the primary energy source that drives the massive expansion of the outer layers into the Red Giant phase?
evolutionhydrogenCorestarFusion