What critical transition step is required for simple chemicals to form a true living system capable of metabolism?

Answer

Encapsulation within a boundary, like a lipid membrane

The transition from simple chemicals to a true living system requires encapsulation, meaning these molecules needed to be contained within a boundary, such as a lipid membrane, to establish the necessary distinct interior environment for metabolism.

What critical transition step is required for simple chemicals to form a true living system capable of metabolism?
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