In the flux form of the paradox, how is the light received from each successive, equal-thickness shell of stars kept constant?

Answer

Dimmer appearance balanced by proportionally more stars

While stars in farther shells appear dimmer due to the inverse square law, those farther shells also contain proportionally more stars, resulting in a constant light contribution per shell thickness.

In the flux form of the paradox, how is the light received from each successive, equal-thickness shell of stars kept constant?

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