What was perceived as the political insult in Galileo's *Dialogue* that angered Pope Urban VIII?

Answer

The character representing the established view, Simplicio, was perceived as a caricature of the Pope’s own arguments.

Galileo's publication was seen as a political insult because the character defending the established view, Simplicio, was widely perceived to be a caricature representing Pope Urban VIII’s arguments.

What was perceived as the political insult in Galileo's *Dialogue* that angered Pope Urban VIII?
GalileoastronomytheoryConflictheliocentrism