What energy gradient is the most promising for sustaining life in a starless environment?

Answer

Geothermal heat driven by planetary formation remnant heat and radioactive decay

In a starless environment, the most promising gradient comes from within the planet itself, specifically geothermal heat resulting from remnant heat and the decay of heavy, radioactive elements.

What energy gradient is the most promising for sustaining life in a starless environment?

#Videos

Could Life Survive Without a Star? - YouTube

Planets Without Stars – Hidden Worlds in the Galaxy - YouTube

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