What process is distinct from the physical ejection of stellar atoms, even though it results in mass equivalent being carried away?

Answer

The conversion of mass into energy via nuclear fusion

While the energy output from fusion carries mass equivalent away via photons and neutrinos, astronomers typically define stellar mass loss as the physical expulsion of atoms like hydrogen and helium from the atmosphere.

What process is distinct from the physical ejection of stellar atoms, even though it results in mass equivalent being carried away?
starsstellar evolutionastrophysicsMass loss