What specific physical relationship made the distance calculation using Cepheid variables possible?

Answer

Henrietta Swan Leavitt's period-luminosity law

This law establishes that the time it takes for a Cepheid variable star to cycle in brightness directly reveals its true luminosity, which is then used to calculate distance.

What specific physical relationship made the distance calculation using Cepheid variables possible?
discoverygalaxyAstronomerMilky Way