What is the central debate regarding the function of trophic cascades in ecology?

Answer

How frequently they operate as the dominant structuring force versus being one influence among many.

The central debate in ecology is not whether cascades happen, but rather determining how often they are the dominant force shaping the ecosystem structure compared to other influences like climate or nutrient input.

What is the central debate regarding the function of trophic cascades in ecology?
EcologyEcosystemPredatortrophic cascadefood web