In massive stars, what elements function primarily as catalysts within the fusion cycle that converts hydrogen to helium?

Answer

Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen

The CNO cycle, which operates in stars significantly more massive than the Sun, uses carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen as catalysts to facilitate the conversion of hydrogen into helium.

In massive stars, what elements function primarily as catalysts within the fusion cycle that converts hydrogen to helium?
Elementlife cyclestarFusionnucleosynthesis