What resolves the cosmic tug-of-war between a planet's inertia and the Sun's gravity?

Answer

Centripetal force, which causes the net motion to curve into an ellipse.

The continuous pull of gravity inward, combined with the inertia attempting to maintain a straight path, results in a net centripetal force that bends the trajectory into the observed elliptical orbit.

What resolves the cosmic tug-of-war between a planet's inertia and the Sun's gravity?

#Videos

The Solar System - What Holds It All Together? - YouTube

forcegravitystarplanetsolar system