What protective role does a substantial atmosphere provide besides regulating temperature?
Answer
Protection from incoming meteors and cosmic radiation.
The atmosphere serves to shield the surface from external dangers, specifically deflecting physical impacts from meteors and blocking harmful cosmic radiation.

Related Questions
What essential role does water play for life as currently understood?What factor dictates the orbital location of the Habitable Zone around a star?In relation to the Sun's Habitable Zone, where is Venus located?What protective role does a substantial atmosphere provide besides regulating temperature?What structure generates Earth's magnetic field, and what is its primary defensive action?What key factor contributed to Mars losing its atmosphere and ability to retain surface water?What consequence occurs if Earth’s atmospheric pressure were suddenly reduced to that of Mars?Why is carbon considered ideal for forming the backbone of organic molecules in life on Earth?What mechanism allows moons far outside the traditional Habitable Zone, like Europa, to potentially host subsurface liquid water?If life exists in deep subsurface oceans on icy moons, what energy source replaces stellar radiation?What concept are astrobiologists moving beyond when considering the search for life universally?