How do turbine control systems manage wind speeds exceeding the rated speed?
Answer
By pitching the blades to intentionally reduce $C_p$ and limit output
Control systems actively reduce efficiency by pitching blades out of the optimum angle above rated speed to prevent mechanical overload, generator failure, or damage from excessive aerodynamic force.
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The Betz Limit: Why All Wind Turbines are Less Than 59.24% Efficient
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