What ability distinguishes genuine human understanding from the sophisticated pattern replication achieved by current AI models?

Answer

The ability to generate truly novel ideas that break established paradigms (extrapolation)

Current AI excels at interpolation—filling gaps within existing training data—but struggles with genuine extrapolation into entirely new conceptual territory, such as formulating the next major scientific paradigm shift.

What ability distinguishes genuine human understanding from the sophisticated pattern replication achieved by current AI models?
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