Which physical process is cited as a reason why gas might be ejected from a smaller halo, preventing star formation?

Answer

Rapid ejection of gas by early supernova feedback.

Supernova explosions occurring early in a halo's history can inject enough energy to rapidly expel the required gas, or tidal stripping from passing structures can do the same, leaving the gravitational remnant barren.

Which physical process is cited as a reason why gas might be ejected from a smaller halo, preventing star formation?

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