In engineering applications focused on maximizing heat transfer between a fluid and a surface, which flow regime is generally preferred?

Answer

Turbulent flow, due to the mixing action of eddies increasing heat flux.

Turbulence is advantageous for heat transfer because the mixing action caused by eddies significantly increases the heat flux between the fluid and the surface, overcoming the resistance associated with laminar conduction.

In engineering applications focused on maximizing heat transfer between a fluid and a surface, which flow regime is generally preferred?
flowlaminarturbulent