Besides direct measurement limitations, where does uncertainty arise when interpreting experimental data?

Answer

From the limitations or simplifications inherent in the theoretical model used.

Uncertainty arises from the theoretical interpretation applied to the data; if the physical theory used to model the system is itself an approximation of a complex reality, this mismatch introduces a significant, often overlooked, source of uncertainty.

Besides direct measurement limitations, where does uncertainty arise when interpreting experimental data?
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