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Why do transition metals form colored compounds?

Why do transition metals form colored compounds?

What causes the vibrant colors characteristic of many transition metal compounds?

What causes the vibrant colors characteristic of many transition metal compounds?

What term describes the five d orbitals when a transition metal ion is isolated and gaseous?

What term describes the five d orbitals when a transition metal ion is isolated and gaseous?

In an octahedral complex, how do the five d orbitals typically split?

In an octahedral complex, how do the five d orbitals typically split?

What condition must typically be met for a transition metal ion to produce color via d-d transitions?

What condition must typically be met for a transition metal ion to produce color via d-d transitions?

If a complex absorbs strongly in the lower energy (red-orange) region of the visible spectrum, what color will be perceived?

If a complex absorbs strongly in the lower energy (red-orange) region of the visible spectrum, what color will be perceived?

What determines the magnitude of the energy gap ($\Delta$) induced in a transition metal complex?

What determines the magnitude of the energy gap ($\Delta$) induced in a transition metal complex?

Which type of ligand causes a larger energy gap ($\Delta$)?

Which type of ligand causes a larger energy gap ($\Delta$)?

How does the magnitude of splitting ($\Delta_t$) in tetrahedral complexes compare to octahedral complexes ($\Delta_o$)?

How does the magnitude of splitting ($\Delta_t$) in tetrahedral complexes compare to octahedral complexes ($\Delta_o$)?

Why are colors resulting from typical d-d electronic transitions often pale or washed-out?

Why are colors resulting from typical d-d electronic transitions often pale or washed-out?

What causes the intense, opaque colors seen in compounds like potassium permanganate ($	ext{KMnO}_4$)?

What causes the intense, opaque colors seen in compounds like potassium permanganate ($ ext{KMnO}_4$)?

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